America’s economy after the Civil war Essay

After the Civil war in the United States, Corporations grew significantly in number, size, and influence between the 1870s and 1900s. Big business impacted America’s economy, politics and as well as the Americans responses to these changes. Big business began when entrepreneurs in search for wealth and success combined their business into massive corporations. Vertical and horizontal integration were tactics used to make business grow faster. Vertical integration is the acquiring of material from the bottom up for means of production, for example Carnegie used this strategy. Horizontal integration is the controlling of other companies that produce the same product, which Rockefeller used. The corporations were so large that they could and some did, force out the competition which resulted them in gaining control of that particular market. This allowed corporations to set the prices they desired, which affected the consumers pocket as that was the only place they could obtain the product or good from. Business men who ran these large industries became extremely wealthy, powerful and influential, often at the expense of many poor workers, and much of the public saw them as robber barons who exploited workers, in order to accumulate immense fortunes. For example, in 1882 Rockefeller solidifies his control by establishing a monopoly or trust, which centralized control of a number of oil related companies under one board of trustee. By 1879, Rockefeller controlled 90% of the county’s oil capacity. As a result of this, companies in other industries quickly imitated this trust model and used their broad market control to raise prices. Also in document A, statistics are shown of the index prices to the average prices during a certain period of time and it is evident that as the years progressed, the cost for food, fuel and lighting decreased significantly but the cost of living of also decreased but not to the degree of the above mentioned. Trusts were a common way to force out the competition and control a market in the 1800s. Big business also impacted America politically as seen on document D. This political cartoon shows wealthy industrial owners, which are taking up most of the space in the US senate and are coming in from a door that is labeled â€Å"Entrance for monopolist† and all the trusts are lines up to enter. Also, in the left corner there is a door labeled â€Å"People’s entrance† that had a â€Å"closed† hanging from it, which clearly shows that the people do not have a say in the senate. This means that industries have a great amount of power in the senate as well as a big impact politically. Also in document B, from George E. McNeill, a labor leader, is a short passage about â€Å"The problem of today† in 1887. He starts out explains how the railroad president holds so much power that it is almost as if he were the king of the railroad. The article states that the railroad king collects his tithes, which is the 1/10th annual income given to clergy and to support the church, by lowering the worker’s wages. He also has the power to fire anyone, take away their income, delay trial on a suit at law, and postpone judgment indefinitely. This shows the amount of power in his hands, and how he has a say in politics and court. At the end, McNeill states, â€Å"In his right hand he holds the government; in his left hand, the people† to show the sense of control he has in both areas and the degree of his influence on both, the people, and his government. American’s responses to the growing corporations were evident in document C. In this document David A. Wells claims that individualism or independence of the producer in manufacturing has been in great degree destroyed as well as the pride workmen took in their work. Also, he says modern manufacturing systems have been brought into a condition similar of that of a military organization. This shows the rigidness of the bosses and the demand for their work to be perfect. It is also mentioned in this document that as a rule, workers are only good for one thing, and then are useless once there is no more work of that kind. Lastly, the works are no longer independent. But depend and have to obey rules to keep progressing. In document E, by Andrew Carnegie, he states that to set an example of modest he has to provide to those who depend on him. Andrew Carnegie of the steel industry donated much of his wealth to building libraries, schools, and universities to support the less fortunate or poor. The growth of corporations evidently impacted the economy and politics, as well as the American responses to these changes, in 1870-1900.

Euthanasia: One’s Choice of Life or Death Essay

In recent years euthanasia has become a heated debate. Euthanasia has Greek roots as a â€Å"good death.† Euthanasia has many definitions. Euthanasia is considered to be voluntary when it takes place in accordance with the wishes of a competent individual. Nonvoluntary euthanasia is done without knowledge of the patients’ wishes either because the patient has always been incompetent, is now incompetent, or has left no Advanced Directive. Involuntary euthanasia is done against the wishes of the competent individual or against the wishes expressed in a valid Advanced Directive. Assisted suicide is usually defined as a specific situation in which there is a suicide, that is, an act of killing oneself intentionally. Physician assisted suicide is when the individual is given a lethal drug which they can use to kill themselves whenever they choose. Although the definitions may seem clear, there is much confusion about the words used to describe euthanasia and other actions that result in hastening death. Three states, Montana, Oregon, and Washington, have legalized euthanasia. My argument is euthanasia should be legalized in all fifty states. One point of the heated debate is the slippery slope that could possibly occur if euthanasia was legalized. Professor Phil D. Frey states that â€Å"We need the evidence that shows that horrible slope consequences might occur, as noted earlier, does not constitute such evidence.† In other words Phil D. Frey is saying it is possible that slippery slope effect can occur, but nothing shows that it is likely to happen. In Oregon, there are many steps before one can qualify for euthanasia. These steps ensure that no slippery slope can occur. In Andrew Walters view, â€Å"The Oregon Death with Dignity Act† has served as a model statue in other state attempts to pass assisted suicide legislation. The act has several important provisions, read altogether, provide safeguard for the terminally ill, the physicians that diagnose their terminal illness and the pharmacist that prescribes the lethal drugs.† The essence of Andrew Walters argument is that The Oregon Death with Dignity Act was a strong first step towards the legalization of euthanasia around the world. It shows that the legalization if euthanasia would not cause a slippery slope. The  act has many safeguards and provisions to prevent slippery slope. In 2006 Oregon passed the Death with Dignity Act. To request a prescription for lethal medications the Death with Dignity Act requires: †¢ 18 years or older  Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ Resident of Oregon  Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ Capable and able to make and communicate health care decisions †¢ Diagnosed with a terminal illness that will lead to death in 6 months Once meeting the above requirements, the following are some of the steps that need to be followed in requesting a lethal medication: †¢ The patient must make two oral requests to the physical separated by at least 15 days †¢ The patient must provide a written request to the physician signed in the presence of two witnesses †¢ The prescribing physician must inform the patient of feasible alternatives to assisted suicide, including comfort care, hospice care and pain control. Those who oppose euthanasia argue that slippery slope is most likely to happen. Most opponents will tell you that euthanasia is a step towards the legalization of murder. They argue people will end their lives because they are tired of living or see no worth in it. The opponents argue that the poor, minorities, the mentally ill, and the physically challenged will be some of the targeted groups of euthanasia. I argue the opponents are mistaken because they overlook the provisions and safeguards of the â€Å"Death with Dignity Act.† Another issue is the human right to life and self-determination. According to Walter Andrew, â€Å"Assisted suicide places the individual in control of his or her future allowing the individual to decide how, when and where they die.† Practical concerns also face the dying. After a terminally ill person watches his savings plummet while his medical costs and insurance premiums increase rapidly. Those unfamiliar with this school of thought may be interested to know that it basically boiled down to an individual’s right to determine their end of life decisions. The United States Constitution protects our right to life and liberty. Opponents argue that the human right to die is not a fundamental liberty interest protected by the due process  clause and that physicians are bound by the Hippocratic Oath, â€Å"First, do no harm.† I argue that physicians are not doing harm to patients. If a patient is in unbearable pain the physician is helping the patient by taking him out of his misery. If a competent individual is terminally ill, he should be able to control his destiny. If he cannot tolerate the pain, the pain cannot be managed by pain medication or he feels that he is a burden on family/community/society, it is the person’s right to determine if he wants to live. This right is consistent with the values of the human right to life and right of self-determination. One short but important fact is that if euthanasia were made legal, the patient would have had to have received the best medical care and pain management possible. This could reduce the chances of a slippery slope. It can also create healthier doctor-patient relationships by removing the fear of overtreatment. Euthanasia can be necessary for the distribution of health resources. Around the world and especially in America there is a shortage of health resources. Some patients who are ill and can be cured are not able to get speedy access to the facilities they require for treatment. Also, health resources are being used on people who cannot be cured and those who would prefer to die. Allowing those committed to euthanasia would not only let them have what they want, but will free valuable resources to treat people who want to live. Allowing the person who wants to die to initiate the process would prevent abuse. Those who oppose this will argue because they believe that such a proposal wide open to abuse and will ultimately lead to involuntary euthanasia because of the shortage of health resources. I argue that euthanasia is a good way to free up resources for those who need the care and want to live, instead of using it on those that want to die. In conclusion, the debate about the legalization of euthanasia will continue for years to come, but I believe that the arguments for legalizing euthanasia overpower the arguments against it. Assisted suicide is a quick and painless death, instead of going through months of pain; the patient can end their life on their own terms. The Death with Dignity Act ensures that the slippery slope will not happen. To preserve the dignity of human life, it is important that the remaining states and the federal government  legalize euthanasia to provide a safe and dignified way for terminally ill individuals to end their suffering. Works Cited â€Å"Arguments in Favour of Euthanasia.† BBC.com. 14 Apr. 2010. Web. 22 Apr. 2010. . â€Å"Arguments Against Euthanasia.† BBC.com. 12 Apr. 2010. Web. 22 Apr. 2010. . â€Å"Encyclopedia of Death and Dying.† Euthanasia. N.p., 12 Apr. 2012. Web. 22 Apr. 2010. . Gorosh, David J. † .† Oakland Free Press [Oakland] 20 Mar. 1999: n. pag. Web. 22 Apr. 2010. Honan, Mathew. â€Å"Legalize Assisted Suicide.† Wired 17.10 (2009): 110. Science Reference Center. EBSCO. Web. 1 Apr. 2010. Stokely, Anne. â€Å"Counter Point: The Right To Assisted Suicide. â€Å" Points of View: Assisted Suicide (2009): 6. Points of View Reference Center. EBSCO. Web. 1Apr. 2012. Walter, Andrew. â€Å"Point: Euthanasia Should Be Legal.† Points of View: Euthanasia (2009): 2. Points of View Reference. EBSCO. Web. 1 Apr. 2010.

Bacon Roger

Bacon Roger Roger Bacon is an academic philosopher and scientist in the UK, one of the most influential teachers of the 13th century. He was born in 1214 at Irchester in Somerset State. Roger Bacon was educated at the University of Oxford and the University of Paris. After studying, he stayed in Paris and taught at the university in Paris for a while. When he returned to England around 1251, he entered the Franciscan religious order and lived in Oxford. He did active research and experimental work in the field of alchemy, optics, astronomy. Philosopher and theologian B Bacon, Roger (1214 - 1294) Roger Bacon was born in 1214 as a wealthy parent of Il Chester, Somerset State, England. He received education at Oxford University and then traveled to Paris. Bacon is familiar with arithmetic, astronomy, classics, geometry and music. After receiving the master of his art, he lectured at Aristotle. From 1247 to 1257 he studied alchemy and mathematics in detail. He does not believe the idea m ade by his generation of the same generation, and he does not like to do scientific experiments. He strongly opposed his beliefs. Some people think that they built the foundation of modern science in the 3 rd century. Bacon gave hints on making gunpowder. His experiment on the nature of light is remarkable. He observed the solar eclipse through a design that projects the image through a pinhole. During the school days, Bacon was strongly influenced by the Franciscan society and received a Franciscan Decree in 1255. The medieval British philosopher Roger Bacon insisted on the importance of so - called empirical science. In this respect, he is often considered a pioneer of modern science. Little is known about the details of Roger Bacon's lifetime and the chronology and inspiration of his major work. Bacon seems to have been born in Il Chester, Somerset State, England. He is not a big family, but he was born to a nobleman. When he was young, he studied works of ancient Greeks, mathema tics, geometry, astronomy and music. At the age of thirteen he entered Oxford University where he spent eight years. He eventually won a high degree in art.

Exam question Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Exam question - Coursework Example p-k encryption is more protected from cryptanalysis than conventional encryption. However, the security of any system depends on key length and the computational work engaged in breaking the cipher. In addition, the p-k encryption has superseded single key encryption. This is unlikely because of the increased processing power required . For conventional encryption, the same key is used for encryption and decryption. This means that it is feasible to develop a cryptographic system that relies on one key for encryption and a different key that is related for decryption. Additionally, these algorithms have the following important characteristics such as it is computationally infeasible to find out the decryption key when provided with only the knowledge of the algorithm and the encryption key. In addition to this some algorithms such as RSA, exhibits the following characteristics: Either of the two related keys can be used for encryption, while the other can also be used for decryption. 2. The implementation of a â€Å"covert channel† is a popular technique for subverting security safeguards. Two approaches to this method involve implementing â€Å"storage† or â€Å"timing† channels. Describe how such channels could be implemented in an actual system, and suggest ways in which the presence of such channels can be detected. Computers originally are made to ease the exchange of information. Latest information technology infrastructure has the central computers main framework ,while others do not develop into a personal computer. Additionally, the information revolve around and is opened in new avenues of IT ( Kim & Solomon, 2012).. This has also opened new possibilities for crimes. The attackers take advantage and use these opportunities to have passwords and therefore have the access to information and create disastrous effects on such networks and computers. For example: The nature of the computers has changed over the recent years..

Curriculum Development Related to Information Security Policies and Case Study

Curriculum Development Related to Information Security Policies and Procedures - Case Study Example For providing improved functionality for the organization, policies and procedures must be defined. They play a vital role for an organization’s smooth functioning. In order to implement policies and procedures, group discussions are required for constructing and implementing them in a real world scenario. The first requirement is to differentiate both of them. A security policy comprises in the form of a document or rules that specify the statement ‘What must be done’ in order to assure security measures in the system or the network. Whereas, procedures are associated with the rules and practices that are implemented in order to impose the rule. For instance, in a network security scenario, where there is a requirement for preventing the wireless network, anonymous access must be blocked. Likewise, the security policy document will define ‘What needs to be done’ to block anonymous access for a wireless network. Whereas, the procedures will define the practices and rules that needs to be followed in order to block the anonymous access ("Curriculum development related to information security policies and procedures ").After differentiating both the security policies and procedures, these two are associated with development and administration in an organization. The term security in terms of development and administration is more like a management issue rather than a technical issue in an organization. The justification is to utilize and classify employees of an organization efficiently. Moreover, from the management perspective, discussions take place for describing various vulnerabilities and threats along with the creation of policies and procedures that may contribute for the achievement of organization goals. After the discussions and alignment of policies and procedures to contribute for organization’s success, the development process is initiated at a high level, and afterwards implemented at lower levels within an o rganization. The conclusion reflects the development of policies and procedures, requirement of an approval from concerned personnel and then implementing them smoothly for the employees ("Curriculum development related to information security policies and procedures "). On the other hand, initiation of these security policies is easy and not expensive, but the implementation is the most difficult aspect. If the development and administration do not comply effectively, or fails to establish awareness between employees related to the policies and procedures, the disadvantages may affect inadequately for the organization. For instance, an attack from a social engineering website such as ‘Facebook’, ‘twitter’, or ‘MySpace’ may extract sensitive information from senior or trusted employees of an organization. If the policies and procedures were understood or implemented properly, employees will be well aware of not providing any credentials or they will verify authorization before providing information on the sites. Moreover, privacy and trust is a debatable topic that is also referred as identity theft. A good definition of identity theft is available in network dictionary that states as, â€Å"Identity theft is a crime in which an imposter obtains key pieces of personal information, such as Social Security or driver’s license numbers, in order to impersonate someone else. The information can be used to obtain credit, merchandise, and services in the name of the victim, or to provide the thief with false credentials†. Many organizations have suffered security breaches initiated from a social networking site. There is a requirement for creating awareness between employees by developing policies and procedures related to the attacks associated with social engineering sites along with coping up these attacks. There is a requirement of identifying critical information systems within the organization. All the users must be

Engaging in Evidence Based Practice and Clinical Effectiveness Essay

Engaging in Evidence Based Practice and Clinical Effectiveness - Essay Example (Parahoo, 1997) EBP is also a key factor in the NMC (2008) Code of Professional Conduct, which states that nursing professionals are personally accountable for their quality of care giving, and must provide the highest quality of service to patients that is consistent with evidence-based research. In 2005, NICE was combined with the Health Development Agency as an independent organization to deliver quality healthcare based on professional standards of medical practice in a standardized manner across public healthcare institutions and in order to assist with government programs intended to improve the quality of service in the industry. Nurses are increasingly expected to base their practice on empirical medical research data represented in scientific literature or established medical treatment practices that are generated through research publications (Burns & Grove 1999). The purpose of this report is to apply the principles of Evidence Based Practice (EBP) to the use of supplemental oxygen (O2) in hospitals as a treatment response for myocardial infarction (MI). The rationale for this search is that supplemental oxygen is used in hospitals and clinics traditionally in ways that is inconsistent with latest medical research and this has led to a recent change in practice in healthcare institutions as well as in public policy that still may not be represented in everyday nursing practice. By applying EBP principles, a nurse can review the medical literature and research regarding the use of oxygen in MIs by focusing on the most recent clinical trials. By understanding the use and contra-indications of supplemental O2 in MIs as accepted in published literature, nurses on coronary care units (CCU) can be more prepared for work in the workplace. In order to effectively search the topic of oxygen use in clinical applications related to heart treatment, it w as important to clearly define the research by using the PICO framework (Patients, Interventions, Comparisons and Outcomes) to develop the areas of inquiry. The search criteria focused on were based initially the keywords: â€Å"Myocardial, Infarction, Hyperoxic, Coronary, and Oxygen†. Published papers were identified through a search of online databases via the University of Plymouth intranet site including; CINAHL, MEDLINE, SwetsWise, Taylor & Francis, Oxford Journals & ScienceDirect. In the search, very few original research studies published between 2001 to 2011 were found, it was required to revise the search to include a more specialized use of keywords, all relating to â€Å"oxygen and myocardial function†. Five research papers were then selected as representative of consensus in medical research through peer review and implementation in cardiac treatment programs. CRITICAL REVIEW OF LITERATURE Previously oxygen was given as a standard aspect of MI treatment, re gardless of the patient’s level of oxygen saturation level, as part of the standard response of health practitioners to a critical care emergency such as a heart attack. Although NICE (2010) have amended their guidelines to recommend that patients only be given oxygen if their blood saturation level is below 94% , many nurses on general wards are still giving oxygen to critical heart attack patients as a regular aspect of treatment, as they are unaware of its detrimental effects in counter-indications or the latest research on the topic. Since many hospitals are

Interview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 15

Interview - Essay Example The interview perused on issues relating to team management for instance, how I ever managed a team project in the past, difficulties I encountered, decisions I undertook, how I managed the group members, how I met deadlines, and organized the team to work as one. In preparation of the team building questions will give me confidence when going for the interview. I also believe that there are a number of questions which I did not find relevant in the mock exam, for instance, the question asking about situations when I missed deadlines while carrying projects and what I could have done different. I believe such a question is irrelevant in this content. I felt more prepared when questions relating to goals was asked. Ever since I was a young person, I had always been taught about the value of always planning ahead, through having short and long term goals. In addition, I was more prepared when it came to team project management issues since I had experience with it. In school, we used to be grouped in groups of 8 and each group accorded group leader in rotation for each task. As a group leader and project manager, I managed to get some skills in relation to how to make a team stronger and more focused. I felt least prepared in the question which talked about describing some aspects about the company, since i had not research about it well. I also found the question about the most difficult course that I took in school absurd, because I found all to be equally easy. I learnt a lot about myself after the mock interview. I realized that I had a lot to learn and prepare for the real exam. First of all, I realized I would get an average or a fail based on the level of prepared at the mock interview. In order to score highly for the real interview with the company, means I have to prepare well. I also realized the value of being prepared all round as some questions are not directly related to class work, but come as practical examples, like for

Boutique Designers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Boutique Designers - Essay Example "Charles Eames was the first architect to be totally at home with technology. He used technology with an artist's flair", particularly, he with wife Ray Eames 'developed a new method to bend plywood into complex curves over three geometric lanes" (Dezine Holdings Ltd). From 1900-1909, the name Charless Rennie Mackintosh, Josef Hoffman and Frank Lloyd Wright have surfaced with the introduction of Ingram Chair, Hill House Chair and Willow Chair (Dezine Holdings Ltd). In the middle of the century, notable designers like "Eameses, Gio Ponti, Harry Bertoia, Arne Jaconsen and Eero Saarinen led the way in the modernist organic style" as the public went for "warmer and softer furnitures, organic forms, warmer products like timber and upholstered chairs" (Dezine Holdings Ltd). In the 70's to 80's, industrialization has brought forth changes in designers' thoughts. Particularly, "the industrial style or Hi Tech movement developed" and there were great advances in "office furniture and equipment" (Dezine Holdings Ltd). At the closing of the century, the designers pursued "meaning and purpose for their furniture designs" with the exploration of some strange and unusual forms such as the W.W Stool by Phillip Starck (Dezine Holdings Ltd). Karim Rashid is one of the sought-after and bankable interior designers of the modern generation. A half English and half Egyptian, Karim Rashid "was born into an art family" with his father an abstract painter, his brother Hany Rashid "a computer-based organic architecture" and his sister a musician (http://www.rashidglobal.net). It was his father that them art and design (http://www.rashidglobal.net). Rashid, therefore has a strong art influence. "Karim Rashid pursued graduate design studies in Naples, Italy, with ettore sottsass and others, then moved to Milan for one year at the Rodolfo Bonetto studio" (Designboom). He went solo in 1993 and opened his design practice in New York. It is in New York where he designs products for companies such as namb, issey miyake, pure design, fasem, guzzini, tommy hilfiger, sony, zanotta, citibank, and others" (Designboom). Rashid's works were highly praised by Design Awards Bodies. In 2007, he won the title for the Cooper Hewitt National Design Awards Product Design Finalist, "in 2006 with an Honorary Doctorate from the Ontario College of Art and Design, in 2005 with an Honorary Doctorate from Corcoran College, the Sleep05 European Hotel Design Award, and the 2005 Pratt Legends Award. Karim has also won the prestigious I.D. Magazine Annual Design Review, Red Dot Design Award, and Chicago Athaneum Good Design Award numerous times throughout his career" (http://www.rashidglobal.net). Because of his modern and innovative designs, he holds an associate professorial position and is a "frequent guest lecturer at universities and conferences" on industrial design (http://www.rashidglobal.net). Concepts and Works Rashid boasts of "over 3000 designs in production, over 300 awards and working in over 35 countries" (Karim Rashid Inc.) "Like an omnipresent vibrant spirit, he creates and utilizes a global feeling. He is an example of synchronicity in permanent movement. In him, work and person meld, inseparably subjective, manically productive and sensitive" (Karim Rashid I

Assignment 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Assignment 3 - Essay Example Their initial dabble at organizing their favorite websites into categories had transformed into a million-hits-directory website which offered a search feature to visitors, allowing them to search for web content by browsing categories. Considering that there had been no search engine before Yahoo!, it is safe to say that before the entry of the first mover, the industry had no other player in the category. The industry of the internet was a slow cycle industry since the product still exists in today’s world. However, the technology running and defining this network had a very fast cycle. Technology became obsolete very soon and firms were forced to keep innovating and improving their product offering in order to stay afloat. Many of the innovations brought about in this relatively new field were from garages and university dorms as was in the case of Yahoo!. When Yahoo! was initially launched, it was a little more than an organized directory of a handful of websites which the friends, families and peers of the two PHD students at Stanford University used to navigate the web. However, only a year later in 1995, the immense growing popularity of the website prompted the founders to actively pursue the concept as a business and set up their own company with the help of start up funds from venture capitalists.

How Schools Kill Creativity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

How Schools Kill Creativity - Essay Example According to Ken Robinson, recently the system of education has been built in the way that is very utilitarian. Education was never a public system before the 19th century. The educations primary goal is to meet the industrialism need. The effect of industrialism still exists in the today’s school system. Most countries do believe that citizens who do provide abilities of work areas useful citizens and are highly valued more than other citizens of the state (Robinson, 2006). In recent times with the experienced population growth, people have great opportunities to get into college. According to Ken Robinson in the next 30 years, from UNESCO findings many people around the globe will be graduating from colleges. The number is much greater than what history has ever recorded. Contrary to many people having the opportunity of joining college, a degree is not as important as it was taken during the past. Having a mere degree cannot guarantee anyone a job anymore unlike n the past. Today many university graduates go home to carry on playing video games merely because they a masters degree to get a job where in the past you only needed a bachelors degree. It is a process of academic inflation that indicates that the whole system of education is moving beneath our feet. Another significant aspect that contributes to schools killing creativity is that students spent a lot of time on humanity subjects such as political science classes and history classes rather than mathematics and sciences (Robinson, 2006). In most countries around the globe, many students spent the least amount of time on art classes that are usually considered as the admission test of most regular universities. In addition, some subjects are considered more important than others in the art are. For example, Art and Music are given a great importance in most cases and Dance and Drama are viewed as less important.

The purpose of sampling Essay Example for Free

The purpose of sampling Essay DQ 1: What is the purpose of sampling? What are some concerns and dangers of sampling? How important is the sample design to data validity? Explain. Provide an example where a sample might misrepresent data validity. DQ 2: What are some examples of operational definitions in research design within your profession? General Questions General General Questions QNT 561 All Week 2 Assignments – Business Research Methods Part 1 Includes: Week 2 Discussion questions 1, 2 Week 2 Learning team assignment Week 2 practice problems Week 2 Central Limit Theorem and Confidence Intervals Week 2 Business Research Methods, Part I as described below Identify and analyze a research question that applies to your organization. Prepare a 350- to 700-word milestone. Choose an organization with which your team is familiar. Develop a research question arising from an organizational dilemma. Make sure you define the problem. Determine an appropriate research design. Describe its characteristics, such as independent and dependent variables, operational definitions, and so forth. Identify a sample design to use for collecting data. Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines. Be careful about submitting your initial draft. Allow yourself sufficient revision time. Rather than just proofreading, create a second draft. Then, proofread this draft and make any needed changes. This will ensure that no errors have been overlooked and that the quality of the writing is high. In this pack of QNT 561 Week 2 Discussion Questions you will find the next information: DQ 1: What is the purpose of sampling? What are some concerns and dangers of sampling? How important is the sample design to data validity? Follow the link to get tutorial https://bitly.com/10tANTB Be careful about submitting your initial draft. Allow yourself sufficient revision time. Rather than just proofreading, create a second draft. Then, proofread this draft and make any needed changes. This will ensure that no errors have been overlooked and that the quality of the writing is high. General Questions General General Questions QNT 561 All Week 2 Assignments – Business Research Methods Part 1 Includes: Week 2 Discussion questions 1, 2 Week 2 Learning team assignment Week 2 practice problems Week 2 Central Limit Theorem and Confidence Intervals Week 2 Business Research Methods, Part I as described below Identify and analyze a research question that applies to your organization. Prepare a 350- to 700-word milestone. Choose an organization with which your team is familiar. Develop a research question arising from an organizational dilemma. Make sure you define the problem. Determine an appropriate research design. Describe its characteristics, such as independent and dependent variables, operational definitions, and so forth. Identify a sample design to use for collecting data. Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines.

Dog Training Essay Example for Free

Dog Training Essay Information to be output The output of the information will contain, the veterinary surgerys name, address and phone number and the surgery opening times on the back page. The opening times will make clear that the weekend surgeries are only for urgent cases. This leaflet will also give out the hours of emergency information. The title and a hamster picture will be on the front page. The information and another hamster picture will be on the inside pages. Data needed to produce the output The input needed to produce the leaflet will be a picture of a hamster; this will be a file on disk, on the inside pages there will be text on: Handling your hamster, cages, feeding your hamster, drinking bottle and common illness and health problems. These illnesses will include; diarrhoea and constipation. It will also include wet tails, colds, exercise and holidays. I will get this information from pages 23-24 of the booklet. On the front page there will be the title (Hamster care leaflet) and a picture of a hamster. On the back page there will be the veterinary surgerys name (Park view Veterinary surgery), the address (27 Park view, Lancre, LA6 9EJ), the phone number (01760 780003), the surgery opening times (Mon-Fri 9am-11: 30am, 4pm-7pm in the afternoons) and the urgent opening hours (10am-11am in the weekends). Desired outcomes and performance criteria The quality of the solution has to give an excellent impression of the veterinary and be easy to read so that people coming to the veterinary will be able to understand it and be able to find the information quickly in urgent circumstances. The style and layout of the output will be as follows: On the front page there will be a hamster picture and the title. In the middle pages there will be the information and another hamster picture, the sub headings in the middle pages must stand out so that the reader can find a certain type of information quickly. On the back page there will be; the veterinary surgerys name, address and phone number. It must also include the surgerys opening times and make it clear that weekend surgeries are only for urgent cases. Testing No testing needed beyond checking the leaflet meets the performance criteria. Dog Training A system will be made to calculate the price of dog training courses for each dog owner depending on how many dogs are to be trained. For example, walking to heel and not pulling on the lead. Format of the output The output will be in the form of a spreadsheet. This will be an interactive screen display, no printing is asked, but it can be if required. There will be columns for the number of dogs on the course, where the course is held, price of course per customer and amount paid to the trainer. Information to be output The information to be output will contain, the dog collars, the rewards, the location to train the dogs (the barn, the hall or the sports club). It will contain how many dogs are on each course, the price that each customer has to pay for each course and how much to pay the trainers and the cleaners. Data needed to produce the output The data needed to produce the output will be: the number of dogs (less than 15) on the course and where the course is held. These variables will determine how much each customer will have to pay (less than   50) and how much the trainer will get paid (basic rate 20 + i 1. 10 for each dog). The fixed amounts are: The price of the dog collars (i 1. 15), the price of the rewards (i 1. 30), the cleaners (i 6 per session). The rent costs are (rent x no. of sessions). I can find all this information from pages 8,9 and 26 of the booklet. Desired outcomes and performance criteria The quality of the solution and the style and layout of the output has to give a very clear, easy to read and easy to modify spreadsheet. The maximum number of dogs must be 15 and it must also be colourful. I must have the cost of the dog collars, the rewards, the cleaners and the location that the course will take place.

The Spanish Waste Water Environmental Sciences Essay

The Spanish Waste Water Environmental Sciences Essay Aznalcollar, a town in the region of Andalusia, is located in the south west of Spain. The region of Andalusia is the second largest region of Spain, and it is the countrys highest populated region. Andalusia is known to be an economically poor region with the majority of growth in its industry and service sectors. The region can be divided into two major sub regions; in the north, the Sierra Morena Mountains can be found and below this in the south is the valley of the Guadalquivir. This valley is home to the regions most fertile land, which is found along the banks of the river Guadalquivir and its tributaries. One of these tributaries is the river Guadiamar which flows through the town of Aznalcollar. The flow of the Guadiamar River is very seasonal; however it still sustains agricultural activity throughout the area. 45 percent of the Andalusia region is responsible for agriculture. Agriculture is mainly located around the fertile banks of the regions Rivers such as the river Guadiamar. The main agriculture in this area is made up dry land farming of cereals such as barley and oats. Other cereals grown in the area use irrigation. These cereals include maize, cotton, olives and rice. Only 17 percent of Spains cultivated land is irrigated, proving that this region is of great importance to Spains primary sector. Taking the type of crop into account, this land could also allow for the harvest of two successive crops in the same year proving its benefits to the area. Other primary sectors in the region include: fishing and mining which are all located around the Guadiamar River. The Guadiamar River is a valuable source to the population of Aznalcollar, providing a source of food, materials and employment. Fish is the main source of protein in the Spanish diet and it is commonly found in traditional Spanish dishes. Fishing not only provides a source of food to the area but also employment due to its demands. Mining still holds a great level of importance to the Andalusia region. The region is responsible for producing half of Spains mining product by value. The product comes from different provinces of the region including Seville, where various metals are extracted from the mine at Aznalcollar. The Los Frailes mine at Aznalcollar produces around 125000 tons of zinc and 2.9 million ounces of led per year. This mine offers a great source of employment and income to the area from raw materials which are exported. Tourism is also a major beneficial source to the tertiary sector of the region. The coast of Andalusia offers a very obvious source of tourism however The Donana National Park located along the bank of the Guadiamar River, is thought to be a Mecca for bird watchers. The national Park covers 543km ²(337.41  mi ²) of which 135  km ² (83.89  mi ²) is a protected area. It is made up of marsh, shallow streams and sand dunes. In 1963 the park was established as a nature reserve when the World Wildlife Fund joined with the Spanish government and purchased a section of marshes to protect it. Donana National Park is one of Europe most important wetland reserves and a major site for migrating birds. The park itself is internationally recognized for its great ecological wealth and has become a key center in the world of tourism. It has become very popular due to its enormous variety of bird species, permanent residents, winter visitors from north and central Europe or summer visit ors from Africa, such as its numerous types of geese and colorful colonies of flamingo. The park is also home to one of the worlds largest colonies of Spanish imperial eagles. As a whole, the park offers three distinct types of ecosystems: the marismas, the Mediterranean scrublands and the coastal mobile dunes with their beaches. The park attracts a vast amount of tourists annually, which in turn benefit the economy of the area. The park is also used by pilgrims taking part in the Romeria de El Rocio. This event alone can attract up to one million pilgrims each year. It is visible from the information above that the area surrounding the Guadiamar River is extremely dependent on its sourrouding natural sources. The town of Aznalcollar is reliant on the following; agriculture, fishing, mining and tourism. However in April 1998 when the dam of the mining residual tank of a pyrite mine in the locality ruptured, releasing sludge and contaminated waste water. The wastewater entered the Agrio River and the Guadiamar River. Both these rivers had low water levels due to a spring drought. In turn the rivers flooded nearby cultivated fields and threatened to flood the Donana National Park further downstream. This had an enormous affects on the population of Aznalcollar. Initially families living near the river were physically threatened. They had to flee their homes immediately, not only due to rising flood levels, but the fact that the water had been polluted with toxic heavy metals. These families lost vast amounts of their belongings in the flood and the polluted water threatened their health. Fortunately there were no initial fatalities, just a small number of people injured. However it was not recorded but these families were at the greatest risk of contacting terminal disease from the toxic water. PUT IN WHAT AOIFE SAID http://fuentesdeciencia.files.wordpress.com/2010/10/hungria-aznalcollar.jpg?w=480h=268 Initial affects to the area surrounding the Guadiamar River. The cultivated lands along the banks of the River Guadiamar were also destroyed. As the toxic waste water entered the river the level rose and flooded the cultivated land along the river banks. Not only were the crops damaged by the polluted water but by the residual mud. Any of the crops that had little water damage still could not be harvest due to fears of toxic contamination, so all harvest had to be destroyed. This occurrence lead to a great economic loss, believed to estimate at $10million. Not only is this a very large sum of money for a poor region, but it was spread mainly among 2,000 small farmers who had a great dependence on agriculture. This in turn also increased the price of rice, cotton and olives (main crops grown) in the area as they had to be bought and transported from other areas. However not only were harvest effected in 1998, due to the pollution of soils, crops could not be grown for a least another five years, until analysis had deemed the land safe for culti vation. This caused great loss for the farming community in the area as they had to abandon farming for this period and find another source of employment. Pasture farmers were also affected in a similar way. When the area flooded rapidly farmers had to abandon their farms, without any time to bring their animals to higher ground. These animals either drowned from high flood levels or were poisoned from drinking the contaminated water. When farmers could return to the area, their herds had been killed and no vegetation would grow for years after due to level of pollution in the soil. These farmers also had to seek different forms of employment, which deemed very difficult in this poor region. images.jpg Fishing in the area was a great source of income for the community as there was a great demand. However once the contaminated wastewater entered the river all fish stocks were killed by the toxins. Fears also remained within the community years after the incident of how clean the river really was and was it safe to consume fish from the river. Mining was another great source of income for Aznalcollar, as a poor region it depended greatly on its natural resources. However when the incident occurred at the Los Frailes Mine, the mine was closed down instantly due to further risk of contamination to the area. This impacted the area greatly as the mine employed 500 people and an estimated 1800 people indirectly. The employment of the area had a great dependency on the mine. Once the mine closed there were more that 2000 people in the area left unemployed. Also the material extracted from the mine when sold brought a source of income to the area, which was lost due to the closure of the mine. As visible from above the Donana National Park is Aznalcollar main source of tourism and bring in a great source income to the area. The park was not directly affected by the incident however it was under threat from the toxic flood water entering the site. The sand and dirt dikes which were constructed to control the flow of the contaminated water prevented the park from begin affected. However the surrounding areas were covered in a thick toxic sludge. This area was then covered with dead fish, frogs, crabs etc which had been killed by the contaminated water in the river and were then washed up in this area of sludge. Although the park was not directly affected, the birds in the park were attracted to these poisoned animals on the sludge. When the bird consumed these poisons creatures they were poisoned themselves. The number of birds in the park decreased dramatically. Also these birds spread disease from these dead creatures to other creatures inside the park, creating a continuo ue negative affect within the park. The national parks main water source was cut off as it was sourced from the contaminated river Guadiamar. This also created difficulty in the running to the park as a new water supply had to be sourced immediately. The park was closed for a short occasion; so that staff could help assist in the cleanup operation outside the park and so that a new water supply could be sourced. When the park did reopen there was a report in a drop of numbers of tourist visiting the park. The local association for tourism ACETA reported that in 1998 about 40 percent of reservations for tourist visits were cancelled, within the national park which calculated to a loss of approximately à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬480,000. This was possibly due to health fears in the areas. One of the most prominent human impacts from the disaster was its affect on human health. Short term health problems resulted in a small number of minor casualties recorded. However the long term health effects were most feared. The toxins found in the water consisted of heavy metals such as lead, zinc, arsenic, cyanide and other heavy metals from the mines reservoir. The fear was that these toxic metals could be consumed by humans through drinking water. Even after the area was cleaned, trace elements of these metals could still remain in water pipes etc. Also the soil which may also contain trace elements of these toxins could transfer the toxins from the soil into crops and contaminate the food chain. The fear behind long term human health effects is the high risks of cancer and neurological disease which can be caused by these toxins. The final human impact caused by the catastrophe at Aznalcollar was the large scale cost involved. It is estimated that over all cost for the Boliden company came to à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ 89 million, these were figures given out by the Boliden. This figure included the cost of cleaning up the northern sector of the Guadiamar à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬27 million, the acquisition of the harvest of 1998 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ 11 million, the operations of decommissioning of the tailings lagoon à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ 41 million and the loss due to the stop of the mining activity in 1998. The regional government of Andalusia provided à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ 145 million for the disaster remediation. This budget was mainly used for cleaning up operations, the acquisition of the polluted land à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ 48 million and restoration à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ 90 million. The Ministry for Environment provided a budget of à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ 136.7 million. à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ 13 million was used in the removal of the tailings; à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ 15 million was used for the treatment of toxic water accumulation in the marshlands. The Ministry for Environment has also approved to provide à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ 93.7 million for a hydric regeneration plan for Donana National Park and the Guadiamar riverbed. The overall cost of the whole devastation amounted to à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ 377.7 million, which impacted humans as this was mainly funded by tax payers money. http://awsassets.wwf.es/downloads/mining_in_donana_english.pdf http://www.fhs.se/Documents/Externwebben/forskning/centrumbildningar/Crismart/Forskning/Fallbanken/BOLIDEN_.PDF http://countrystudies.us/spain/57.htm Aznalcollars spilling from IES Gustavo Adolfo Bà ©cquer Lessons Learned Although the disaster resulted in great negative affects for the region, positivity can be taken from the tragedy by learning from mistakes and putting systems in place to prevent a toxic spill of such size from occurring again. There were four main lessons learned: Need to know the possible environmental threats from mining lagoons in further detail and the post implementation to prevent these actions. Nessesity to strengthen the mine legistration due to the inappropriate environmental management of Aznalcollar mine before and after the incident. The good practices in cleaning up activities techniques of the sludge have reduced the pollution levels of the affected area. Oppurtunity to create new restoration projects and to implement the Ramsar Convention recommendations. Need to know the possible environmental threats from mining lagoons in further detail and the post implementation to prevent these actions. The good practices in cleaning up activities techniques of the sludge have reduced the pollution levels of the affected area. The cleanup activities of the emergency were rapid and efficient since the area was flooded by contaminated wastewater. On the 25th of April 1998 in Aznalcollar, Spain, the Los Frailes tailings dam, ruptured. It contained tailings from the mining of arsenic, silver, cadmium, copper, zinc and lead. The Los Frailes mine had a mining rate of approximately 4 million tones per year. The ruptured dam released about 5-7 million cubic meters of toxic tailings sludge and contaminated wastewater into Agrio River, which is a tributary to Guadiamar River. Cause of the Los Frailes tailings dam failure: The actual cause of the Los Frailes tailings dam failure is still to this day exactly 100% clear as the final report has yet to be published and released. The authorities blamed the Swedish-Canadian operator of the mine, Boliden Ltd, and Boliden Ltd claimed instantaneously after this terrible incident occurred that they were not at fault. Immediately after the accident happened it was suspected that a foundation failure occurred in the separation dam thats located between two parts of the impoundments, e.g.: the soil underneath the base of the Los Frailes dam lost its mechanical strength. The separation dam is positioned among the basins, which are filled with tailings from pyroclastic rock and pyritic rock and the foundation failure of this lead to the breaking of the main dam. The Swedish-Canadian operator of the mine, Boliden Ltd, has assured the authorities and the people of Aznalcollar that there was no possible way of foreseeing the foundation failure. There have been many different reports and opinions given as to why the dam failure occurred. The company Boliden Ltd stated at the start, that the cause of the dam rupturing was a landslide, which resulted in the movement of a part of the wall. However, the authorities stated that the damn was not of adequate construction and also that any signs of a probable break were ignored by the company in charge. Three independent investigations were carried out into the cause of the dam failure. One investigation was commissioned by Boliden Ltd and carried out by EPTISA, another was commissioned by the regional authorities and carried out by CEDEX and the 3rd investigation was commissioned by the judge who was in charge of leading the legal proceedings of the accident and was carried out by the University of Bar celona. From the findings of the three investigations it was agreed that the cause of the dam failure was from the formation of sliding surfaces in the marl beneath the foundation. The foundation failure occurred because of the chemical attack of the impounded acidic pyritic sludge on the marl. Marl contains calcium carbonate and clay. The attack of acid on the marl decomposed the calcium carbonate present, which resulted in the deterioration of the mechanical stability of the soil. Fig 1: The breaking of the dam: A large part of soil, which was located underneath the dam, moved towards Rà ­o Agrio (approx. 1 metre). The front part of the moving soil was approx. 20 metres wide and positioned where the junction of the two impoundments. This caused the dam to crack and break suddenly causing the wall to collapse move forward along the separation dam, between the two impoundments. Approximately 5 million cubic metres of toxic tailings sludge and contaminated wastewater seeped through the opening. The bed of Rà ­o Agrio increased by roughly 3 metres and changed its course. Fig 2: Detailed diagram showing before the displacement had occurred and after the displacement had occurred. The Los Frailes dam is approximately 25 meters in height and lies on 4 meters of alluvium, which is situated under 70 meters of blue marl. By the overstressing of the blue marl, it resulted in the dam, alluvium and the marl to slide. This sliding caused the pyrite tailings to liquefy, which then resulted in increasing the loading on the dam while the foundation resistance was decreased. These various processes were the result of the 60 meters of horizontal displacement of the Los Frailes dam. Various other factors were ruled out as being contributing factors to the failure of the dam, e.g.: blasting, earthquakes etc. Fig 3: Actual photograph of the Los Frailes tailings dam failure showing a total of approximately 60 meters of displacement. In the beginning of November 1998, Boliden sent a report to the judge who was in charge of the case. In the report it stated that a new displacement (3 millimetres) of the dam had taken place since the spill. The Government confronted the public, as there was an increased risk of a new spill. Mid-November 1998, the Environmental Protection Department warned that there was still a higher amount of tailings than what was lost when the dam ruptured in April, and if it rains and the dam fills with the rainwater then it would apply even more pressure to the walls of the dam. In February 1999, Boliden Ltd finally admitted for the first time that the tailings dam was not properly designed. They directed the blame entirely on the contractor (Dragados y Construcciones) and the two engineering firms used by them. Interventions: Emergency measures put in place in order to minimize the social, economic and environmental impact of the Aznalcollar spill. An emergency operation had to be put in place in order to minimize the damaged caused by the spill. The Spanish Authorities, the Regional Government of Andalusia and also Boliden Ltd (Apirsa) were involved in the clean up. On the 1st of May 1998, the different administrations created a Mixed Commission of Coordination. The 1st task that was carried out was the immediate removal of the tailings, which were found at the old part of the mine. Removing the tailings was spread out over two operations, in 1998 and 1999. Approximately 99% of the tailings were recovered as a result. According to the Regional Government of Andalusia, the collection of nearly all the tailings means that around 7000 million litres of soil and tailings have been recovered. In 1999, Boliden Ltd was granted the licensing of stabilization works for the dam as it was found that there was a significant movement after the initial spill (17 centimeters) and was a cause for major concern. Another campaign was then undertaken by the Mixed Commission of Coordination, which involved treating the soil. The soil was treated using a chemical procedure, which would result in immobilizing the various heavy metals that remained in the soil. The construction of the Entremuros dike caused the retention of 2 billion litres of acid water. In order to allow the Guadalquivir River Basin Authority to purify the dammed waters, a water treatment plant was constructed beside the Entremuros dike. After the purification process, it would then discharge the purified water to the estuary of Guadalquivir. Another drastic measure was put in place in order to control the environmental quality in the surface waters, the air, the subterranean waters, the estuary, and also a sanitary control program of the people living in the surrounding area who were affected by the Aznalcollar spill. The entire process was established in a series of published laws, decrees and also orders between May 5th 1998 and 1999. Also in May 1998, the Council of Ministers of the Regional Government of Andalusia had approved the various actions that were necessary for carrying out a project of regeneration and adaption for public use. This was called the Guadiamar Green Corridor. The Guadiamar Green Corridor project was developed in 1999. The reason it was developed was to restore the Guadiamar basin and its surrounding ecosystems. The plan of action of the project was described in the Guadiamar Green Corridor Strategy, which was supported by the International Seminary on Ecological Corridors in March 1999. The Guadiamar Green Corridor project is also reveled in the results of an investigation program, which is known as PICOVER. PICOVER was developed between the years of 1998 and 2002. The Regional Government of Andalusia published the conclusions found as a result of this program. The estimated total amount of the PICOVER was à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ 5.8 million. It was divided down into 2 different stages. The 1st stage was developed between 1998 and 2001. The effects of the Aznalcollar spill were studied (on organisms and ecosystems) and the necessary guidelines for the restoration were set out. The 2nd stage was developed between the years of 2002 and 2003. The ob jective of the 2nd stage was to control the factors that were most effected by the spill, which were soil and water. Attention was also given to the species that were considered to be the most important bio indicators e.g. plants, fish, etc. The Green Corridors objectives and the plan of action: To decontaminate the water, soil and also organisms of the riverbed. Also the decontamination of the flooded plains and the marsh that was damaged by the acid water and tailings. Water: The Green Corridor has a technical office, which had set up stations. These stations were put in place to control the surface water (17 stations). From all 17 stations, only one of them has had an increased value (El Guijo). A study that was carried out by the Guadalquivir River Basin Authority back in 2003 concluded that the El Guijo station, which was situated in the Guadiamar River, had continued to present an increased level of zinc, cadmium and copper metals. The El Guijo station, out of the 17 stations, is one of the closest to the Los Frailes mine. It is 2.5 km beneath water. All of the remaining 16 stations are within the legal limits and fit for human consumption. The Guadalquivir estuary was tested after the spill and it showed an increase in the level of contamination. This problem solved itself after a few short months as the contamination level returned to what it was before the spill occurred. Soil: Since the Aznalcollar spill, the process of decontaminating the soil had been successfully carried out for the most part. The monitoring of the soil to ensure the contamination level remains low has continually been followed up, especially focusing on the main affected area (the Aznalcollar mine and the bridge of Doblas). The reason this area was the main affected area was because of its closeness to the disastrous lagoon. This resulted in high levels of zinc, arsenic and lead contamination. Since 2002, the majority of soil areas that were affected were cleaned. The cleaning process eliminated central points of contamination but in some particular stains of the land, minuet residual contamination still remains. Fauna: One of the main populations affected were fish and amphibians. Since the Aznalcollar spill, the riverbed has been recolonized with fish and amphibians and they have survived without any problems. In 2004, it was detected that 6 different species of fish had laid eggs. It was the 1st year since the spill that different species of fish laying eggs was detected. Flora: The contamination of metals in plants has decreased with time. 2.5 million plants have been planted in order to restore the affected area. The majority were planted between the Entremuros marsh and the Los Frailes mine. The Entremuros area was restored by replanting in small plots. This method allowed the ecosystem to improve naturally. To restore the functioning of the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems which were damaged or ruined by the Aznalcollar spill. The large amount of area that was affected, from the mine to the entrance to the Entremuros swamp, has now been restored. The aim is to create a fluvial ecological corridor. The gravel extractions, or the agricultural occupation has caused the Guadiamar riverbed to suffer extreme transformations. When the riverbed was being restored it was thought that it was more critical to recover the processes for fluvial dynamics, which had been modified, rather than recreate the original morphology of the river. In 2004, it had been noted that the natural dynamic of the river, particularly the flood plains, had been recuperated. Also, non-indigenous vegetation had been removed as instructed. Since the spill, there used to be many gravel exploitations found on the bed of the river of the Guadiamar, between the upper and middle branches. These were reformed serving two purposes. One use is environmental recuperation and the other is for the use of the public. Entremuros marshes: The main reasoning behind the activities was to ensure the riverbed was recuperated by the removal of the impacts that hindered the natural functioning. The results have shown to be considerably good. The fauna and flora have quickly colonized the area. To promote a model for the management of the various uses of the region so that ecological heterogeneity could be promoted in order to reinstate the different species and natural processes among the mountain range and the coast. Positive results were found on the movement of land animals through the Corridor, in the middle course of the Guadiamar River. There are many communities that began to become established in the Corridor, such as the eagle, rabbit, and the lynx. As a result it has aided the purpose of the ecological corridor of the Guadiamar River. The Corridor has needed to be attached through the northern part as this restored the river basin of the Guadiamar River and the mining region in its upper course. The restoration continues to be followed up, even today, as it ensures its function as a fluvial ecological corridor and the future tendencies of the river. To improve and promote the quality of life of the many people living in the area through the strategies of development fitting with the conservation of the functions of their natural systems. Public use: The Green Corridor is now recognized as a tourist destination. It has tails that can be used for walking, biking and horse riding. A variety of infrastructures have been constructed including recreational areas, a botanical garden, visitor centers, etc. There has been sign posts put up of the area, and also the roads. There have also been guides produced on the infrastructures and programs in the Green Corridor (for public use). Other uses: In the Green Corridor there are many kind of acts prohibited which include hunting, fishing, and raising livestock. Also, on the grounds of the old mine an environmental services site has been constructed. Relations with the surrounding population: Many environmental educational activities were developed in order to educate the population, but mostly for schoolchildren. A lot of the people living in the surrounding area were not aware of the many activities in the Green Corridor and its ideas. To make it clear to the population, it was necessary to cover the wildlife values, historical, landscape etc of the Green Corridor. To contribute to the conversion of the Network of Protected Natural Areas of Andalusia as an arrangement of areas, which are connected by ecological corridors and which fluvial ones stand out the most. The Green Corridor had to be declared as a Protected landscape in order to comply with this objective. The Green Corridor does not reach up to the north of Aznalcollar therefore it is not connected as an ecological corridor with the coast and mountain range. To operate as a model of integrated planning of a Mediterranean basin with could be extrapolated to other regions. The WWF has recognized that the Guadiamar Green Corridor operates as a model of basin restoration. The office for the Mediterranean selected one of its projects to be a model of management and restoration of Mediterranean wetlands. The WWF gave the lessons learned of the Guadiamar to Romania to help them after the mine accident of Baia Mare.

Orion Nebula :: Essays Papers

Orion Nebula The Orion Nebula contains one of the brightest star clusters in the night sky. With a magnitude of 4, this nebula is easily visible from the Northern Hemisphere during the winter months. It is surprising, therefore, that this region was not documented until 1610 by a French lawyer named Nicholas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc. On March 4, 1769, Charles Messier inducted the Orion Nebula, M42, into his list of stellar objects. Then, in 1771, Messier released his list of objects for its first publication in Memoires de l’Academie.1 The Orion Nebula is one of the closest stellar regions to the Earth. Using parallax measurements, it has been estimated that this nebula is only 1,500 light years away. In addition, the Orion Nebula is a relatively young star cluster, with an approximate age of less than one million years. It has even been speculated that some of the younger stars within the cluster are only 300,000 years old. The Orion Nebula is an emission nebula because of the O-type and B-type stars contained within it. These high-temperature stars emit ultraviolet (UV) light that ionizes the surrounding hydrogen atoms into protons (H+) and electrons (e-). When the protons and electrons recombine, the electrons enter a higher energy level (n=3). Then, when the electron drops from the n=3 level to the n=2 level, an Hï  ¡Ã¯â‚¬  photon is emitted. 2 This photon has a wavelength of 6563 Ã…, and therefore corresponds to the red portion of the visible spectrum. It is these Hï  ¡ photons which give the nebula the distinctive red color which we see. The extreme brightness of the O-type and B-type stars, coupled with the Earth’s atmosphere, has always made high-resolution imaging of the star-forming region difficult. But recent advances in adaptive optics and the repair of the Hubble Space Telescope have allowed for incredible detail into the center of the dust cloud. 3 The technological advances have also helped reveal several faint stars within the center of the nebula. The Orion Nebula is a spectacular sight. Consequently, it has been a preferred target of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) over recent years. The HST has provided a great deal of insight into the complicated process of star formation. In June of 1994, C.

Hitcher, Education For Leisure, My Last Duchess, and The Lab Essay

Hitcher, Education For Leisure, My Last Duchess, and The Lab "Hitcher" By Simon Armitage, "Education For Leisure" By Carol Anne Duffy, "My Last Duchess" and "The Lab" by Robert Browning are all poems that deal with violence or the prospect of violence. "Hitcher" is a poem about a man who is angry at being threatened with the sack, he picks up a hitch-hiker and kills him and then leaves him on the road side. The poetic voice seems to be psychotic and also talks about the attack in a casual manner. "Ed for Leisure" also deals with a bitter person who feels he has been let down by society. As he becomes increasingly demotivated, he gets more and more violent ending with leaving the house with a bread knife. Both poets aim to show us that people are unpredictable and innocent people often fall victim to anger that has gone too far. Both of the poems are arranged in stanzas, "Hitcher" contains some full and half rhyme to keep the poem moving but "Education for Leisure" is in free verse with short abrupt lines showing the characters irrational mind. Both authors ch...

Essay --

The 1980’s The decade of the 1980’s is universally known for its brightly colored leggings, and teased hair. However, most of us tend forget the events that inspired these widely recognized trends. Political power, economic instability, and Sequins, lace, and tutu’s are merely an illusion of what the eighties were truly about. The social and economic events of the 1980’s had a severe impact on the fashion choices of American women during this time. The political events in America throughout the eighties will always be remembered when saying one simple, yet extremely packed name, Ronald Reagan. In 1981 Reagan was elected with one of the countries highest overall acceptance rates. Reagan was a former Hollywood actor his charisma and optimistic style wore off on people and America loved him. "We will always remember. We will always be proud. We will always be prepared, so we may always be free." [at the D-Day Commemoration in Normandy] Reagan had a direct, to the point that republicans loved and democrats respected. With Reagans election came promises of a bright future for the US, like tax cuts and lower spending. "[G]overnment's view of the economy could be summed up in a few short phrases: If it moves, tax it. If it keeps moving, regulate it. And if it stops moving, subsidize it." [Reagan speaking about the White House Conference on Small Business] However after a short time, military spending began to rise, causing cuts from j obs and some tax increases. These and other choices Ronald Reagan made in office became known as â€Å"Reaganomics.† The culture was also changing throughout this time as well, a slang term known as the â€Å"yuppie† was born. This term was commonly used to describe a baby boomer, with a college education, well p... ...ng a statement wherever they went and the designers of today are still trying to accentuate the body and broadcast sexuality. Ad campaign designs were changed extraordinarily during the 1980’s by adopting the idea that pitching a product with a glamorous woman, home, or family would create the need for consumers to buy a good or service solely for the purpose of have having a better lifestyle. This advertising idea traveled through the last few decades and is still present in the American society today. The beliefs of the eighties were invigorating and gave adolescences the choice to be whatever they wanted to be. Whether that was a pop-icon, an inventor, or a politician, the 1980’s was a time of empowerment and optimism. These principals are still taught to young people in our society today preaching the values of self-worth and perseverance to follow their dreams.

Deconstruction in J.M. Coetzee’s Disgrace

Being a post-colonial text, J. M. Coetzee’s Disgrace is a multi-layered narrative of deconstruction- from the language, the characters and their values, the setting and the context. Deconstruction is a strategy employed by J. M. Coetzee to present and critique the effects of colonialism within the South African post-apartheid context. After the removal of the apartheid system that has hounded South Africa for the longest time, one would expect a complete turnabout in values, beliefs and practice amongst the people and the community-both rural and urban.Coetzee subverts this expectation by depicting a post-apartheid life and existence that is still, in the metaphorical sense, imprisoned and clinging to the misery and antiquity of the colonial past. David Lurie, the lead character and the narrator in the literary text is a man who has drunk and gobbled many of life’s bitter disappointments- from his unfulfilled teaching days in a university turned technical college to his demotion as a caretaker of terminally ill animals in his daughter’s farm.Coetzee deconstructs David’s character by portraying him as a man still shackled from his own vices and values as well as from the old world that boxed and created him instead of a free, happy man in a post-apartheid environ(ment). On another level, David’s character undergoes deconstruction by being depicted as a Caucasian South African male in a time and place (post-apartheid) where the whites do hold as much power as they once used to. In terms of language, Coetzee’s prose is anti-realist. Truth and meaning in his narrative are not laid bare explicitly; it is covered and laced with undertones, symbols and irony.The novel also deconstructs â€Å"the romantic pastoral prototype of the farm novel tradition through its portrayal of a lonely and desolate farm, and through the narrator Magda, a lonely spinster suffocated by an environment of intellectual and spiritual drought† ( Subverting the pastoral: the transcendence of space and place in J. M. Coetzee's Disgrace 2006). Coetzee transforms the farm which often conjures up an image of one that is idyllic and laidback into a setting that is marred with unhappiness and disillusionment.

Native American Boarding Schools

An Indian embarkation indoctrinate refers to one of many schools that were established in the United States during the late 19th blow to educate endemic American youths jibe to Euro-American standards. These schools were primarily run by missionaries. These oft times proved traumatic to Native American children, who were forbidden to speak their indigenous languages, taught Christianity and denied the slump to practice their native religions, and in legion(predicate) other ways forced to forsake their Native American identities and adopt European-American destination and the English language.There were many documented cases of sexual, physical and mental abuse occurring at these schools. In the late eighteenth century, reformers offset with Washington and Knox, in efforts to civilize or otherwise assimilate Native Americans (as distant to relegating them to reservations), adopted the practice of educating native children in modern American culture. The culture Fund Act of 1819 promoted this civilization indemnity by providing funding to societies (mostly religious) who worked on Native American improvement.Attendance in Indian embarkation schools generally grew throughout the introductory half of the 20th century and two-fold in the mid-sixties. Enrollment reached its highest point in the 1970s. In 1973, 60,000 American Indian children ar estimated to have been enrolled in an Indian boarding school. Several events in the late 1960s and mid-1970s (Kennedy Report, National Study of American Indian Education, Indian Self-Determination and Education attention Act of 1975) led to more focus on community schools.Many deep Indian boarding schools closed in the 1980s and early 1990s. In 2007, 9,500 American Indian children lived in an Indian boarding school dormitory. This includes 45 on-reservation boarding schools, 7 off-reservation boarding schools and 14 peripheral dormitories. From 1879 to the fall in day, hundreds of thousands of America n Indians are estimated to have accompanied an Indian boarding school. Native American children were a lot separated from their families and people when they were move or sometimes taken to boarding schools off the reservations.These schools ranged from those like the federal Carlisle boarding School, to schools sponsored by religious organizations to some created by non-profits such as the founding of an Indian school in Hanover, New Hampshire in 1769. In addition to reading, writing, and arithmetic, the Carlisle curriculum constituted of vocational training for boys and domestic knowledge for girls, including chores around the school and producing goods for market. In the pass students were often outsourced to local farms and townspeople to appease their immersion and provide labor at low cost.Carlisle and its curriculum would become the pretending for the Bureau of Indian Affairs and by 1902 there were twenty-five federally funded non-reservation schools crossways fifte en states and territories with a of over 6,000. Although federal legislation made education requisite for Native Americans, removing students from reservations required parent authorization, although obsession and even violence were often utilise to secure the preset quota of students from any presumptuousness reservation.Once the wise students arrived at the boarding schools, life altered drastically. They were given new haircuts, uniforms, and even new English names, sometimes based on their own, other times assigned at random. They could no long-dated speak their own languages, even among each other, and they were expected to convert to Christianity. manner was run by the strict orders of their teachers, and it often included grueling chores and stiff punishments.

Argumentative Essay

I suppose the original is a far superior scram In coincidence to the movie. The Outsiders gives you a better cortical potential Into the char carryers thoughts and judgments. As the postulateer, you similarly gain cognition by and through foreshado get hold alongg and flashbacks, which Is non hinted In the movie. In do-gooder to the written literary elements, the original Is described In great(p) full stop and gives you a deeper understanding of It. matchless(prenominal) major avail of reading a novel rather than reflection a movie Is that you yield a oft successions better view of how distri exactlyively character feels and their thoughts.For example, In the novel, The Outsiders, the narrator gives readers horrendous half dozenth sense Into ponys emotions, feelings, and thoughts. You understand his great fear of the Soc and why grayback unendingly carries a switchblade with him for protection. The reader learns how trot feels ab egress the gang and why he retrieves he is dissimilar from the rest. During the prison term Johnny and lope atomic number 18 at the church, you withal experience the emotions they both go through everywhere Bobs death. When D every(prenominal)y and Johnny bust you go exactly how Pony feels, creating a feeling of sympathy to state of wards him.In annexition to gaining a better thought of the characters, the reader gains the set up of foreshadowing and flashbacks as intumesce. The root foreshadows Dally death in the novel, hinting that he does non cargon if he dies, be social movement Johnny was star of the a couple of(prenominal) concourse he truly c bed about. Flashbacks atomic number 18 also key points in the novel, The Outsiders. In the beginning, the flashback about how gravely Johnny was beaten by the Soc explains why he fears them so much. Johnny also threatens to kill whatever integrity who tries to wipe him again, foreshadowing Bob Sheldon death.Other minor leasebacks, equivalen t Pony telling Cherry about Stopgaps horse Mackey Mouse, ar not as serious but gives you knowledge about the characters, one thing you do not see in the movie. Perhaps the most valuable factor is that the novel is much much(prenominal) descriptive than the movie. At the beginning of the novel there be very dilateed descriptions of distributively character heavy(p) you a vivid mind of what they bet ilk but also braggy you the imm unit of measurementy to retrieve them how you want. The novel also gives your Imagination control of how you commemorate things should look like, whereas the movie does not.The efferent settings for The Outsiders be eternally explained In great detail helping you to read the settings better. The authors descriptions give you Insight Into how they intendd severally character should look and what the settings are like, allowing you to estimate exactly what the author was Imagining when they wrote the novel. In conclusion, I be restve the novel, The Outsiders, Is much better than reflection the movie. With the novel you understand the characters thoughts and how they feel and you learn regular more about each character through literary elements and the authors descriptive writing.I believe the novel is a far superior experience in comparison to the movie. The Outsiders gives you a better insight into the characters thoughts and feelings. As the reader, you also gain knowledge through foreshadowing and flashbacks, which is not hinted in the movie. In addition to the written literary elements, the novel is described in great detail and gives you a deeper understanding of it. One major advantage of reading a novel rather than watching a movie is that you in the novel, The Outsiders, the narrator gives readers tremendous insight into Ponys emotions, feelings, and thoughts.You understand his great fear of the Soc effects of foreshadowing and flashbacks as well. The author foreshadows Dally who tries to turn out him ag ain, foreshadowing Bob Sheldon death. Other minor freedom to imagine them how you want. The novel also gives your imagination diametrical settings for The Outsiders are al paths explained in great detail helping you to picture the settings better. The authors descriptions give you insight into how they picture exactly what the author was imagining when they wrote the novel. In conclusion, I believe the novel. disputative hearArts The United States, as a whole, depends immensely on the civilisement of human beingities political platcourses, big or small. Ameri gouges invite the sense of polish and complaisant gathering, and what could possibly be better to do on a Fri twenty- four bits night than hear the musical themeal anaesthetic orchestra play or catch the next township overs middle trail production of The Wizard of Oz?The living of inventions plane sections In schools, colleges, and universities Is absolutely imperative to the unify States in more than one wa y the arts condone a universal spoken communication utter and understood by all, help US citizens to develop and define market-gardening, and provide a necessary government issue to every age congregation crosswise the country. scratch line of all, the arts foster a universal language that no opposite program or incision of study female genitalia compete with.Van Sagos Starry shadow Is Just as meaningful in Venice, Italy as it Is In Tokyo, Japan each part of the arts has the ability astound and create beauty anywhere and everywhere despite language, race, nationality, gender, and education. A common pedigree for the funding of the arts is that the arts are a public good and provide service that tho exists and shouldnt get hold of to be paid for. While some fourth dimensions the arts dont offer this service themselves, they offer social services that do.This long- apply argument co-occurrences the Idea that the arts benefited those beyond their direct consumers throug h the channels of national prestige, inheritance preservation. And education (Saunders 594). The prominence of the arts all over the homo is a simplyifiable drive for giving every last person a rudimentary knowledge and understanding of the arts. Defending arts departments cross ways America is not the right way to go about doing this.Funding the arts should be radically important to Ameri chamberpots collectible to the effect the arts programs and their participants watch on the Ameri rotter culture. While culture seems travail to more, Its development in reality has a vast and underrepresented direct effect on the nations pride. Questioned pride only trines to problematic questioning of loyalty, terrorism, and patriotism, and those are issues no country wants to deal with.Obviously, in no way does funding of the arts directly come to ones loyalty to their country, but the development of a countrys culture does usually help to pr pointt a inadequacy of patriotism In G citizens. In an Interview with history Vive, the chairman of the National Endowment for the Arts, Vive states that he thinks that a federal agency has to connect with the complexity of the union It serves Some of that complexity is multiplicity of cultural traditions (The democrat Promise). Finally, the arts are a yeasty retail store for a multitude of raft, young and old, across America.For example, a young son experiencing abuse at home basin let out all is frustrations with a paintbrush, or an aging teacher assay to keep a Job may receive stress relief in the violins sweet sound, but either way, frustration, stress, confusion, and dis whiffer are all unfastened and abandoned In the light of these and high school (where students can choose) art classes, bands, and choirs, kids become undecided to this outlet, and epoch not all of them find the arts suitable, legion(predicate) do. Studies have shown that 90 percent or more of secondary schools offer instruction in medi cation or the visual arts.The fact that about one-half (or slightly less) of the dents choose to event much(prenominal) courses is a mea certain(predicate) of how students gauge their interests (Goldman). all the same struggling, stressed adults can find peace in a quit of Mozart or be on the edge of their spot to a Rachmaninoff prelude. Therefore, it is a most essential outlet to society. While no one questions the innate abide by of being able to paint a winsome picture, play an instrument or sing, it is also lawful that being unable to read, write or do math is more likely to lead to low- dexterous labor, unemployment and consequent poverty (Goldman).Its true that when it comes to acquiring a well-paying, credible Job in society, its more logical for a student to understand basics like reading, writing, and mathematics. The important thing to note here is that it is not a question of either, or. It is a question of rapprochement and balancing evenly so that each student has the opportunities they need to succeed. In Barbara Standards 1995 Harvard University speech, she says, The far right is waging a war for the soul of America by making art a partisan issue and by move to cut these arts orgasm,which bring culture, education, and Joy into the works of modal(a) Americans.They are hurting the very sight they carry to represent (Brooks). She says this because the arts are much, much more than a political issue that sur locutions once or twice every so some years. Its the good sense of culture approximately the world, its the universal language that is naturally understood, and it its the outlet of the every day cadence citizen. There is no program more influential to our society than the arts, and how America silver this program should directly reflect that.Argumentative examineCompanies should disregard acidulateings time of days for their employees, because It can bring benefits. such as, Increase labor productiveness, puzzle out s ocial and environmental problems, and making muckles demeanor happier and healthier. Supporting details 1 . Reducing dissemble hours can create productivity. Workers or employees can be more focus on their task or business without wasting time, and higher(prenominal) efficiency of production could create more meshing for companies. 2. Reduction of bunks ours might trend to take absences and sick notes, so that it could save social pass offing.In addition, passel who are employed can be more flexible on arrange their transportation, instead of driving, they leave behind more likely tend to use echo-friendly transportations, like bicycle, walking by foots. 3. battalion can spend more time with their family or their hobbies, which can reduce the risk of seeting psychological problem. And smaller traveling hours also reduce the Industrial disease. Introduction. Do you usually feel dizzy. No concentration and unable to work at the last hour before oh get off work? Are you bor ed by having a long time working day without doing anything? I guess most of volume go away answer yes. nevertheless though, the land baseer of America had finger that multitude can have a drawing card of time to do what they want and many people followed up to maintain it. You must admit that right away there are more and more peoples life are occupied by endless working and it trend to be normal. However, things are not unchangeable, a recent discover discloses that less work hours can Increase productivity when hold salary constant, and people have started o experiment this theory in some counties. It means the endless work peradventure testament be terminated In the future. fit in to Atonal Rasher who works for telegraph. O. UK, said that a Swedish city Is testing a refreshful policy In order to Increase productivity and reduce social spending by trim pop out the work hours from 8 to 6 per a day. Base on their arrangement, a tested chemical substance group which i s hundreds of civilians who work in a compass department work 6 hours per day versus an observational group that is early(a) employees who still maintain 8 work hours daily. Then, the searcher testament correspond and analyze guide of two groups after a certain period. Anna Coot, manoeuver of Social policy, has been full of confidence that this experiment will be as successful as they expect.However, the topical anesthetic opposite party are not purchase it, they claim that its Just a poor technique that governing party are trying to win support from workers before election. In addition, they point out there is former(a) Swedish city Ko gallopa, and Its zone council are used to be testing six hour work day indoors a group of people who work In a government department, but this experiment re failed and call off In 2005, because they raise It not make any situation better that before, conversely, people form former(a) department become jealous of them. Introversion topic. Even though, there are some researches show that less work hour results higher productivity, its not always true. In my opinion, I believe that reducing work hour for employees is skillful for our society. For example, increasing labor productivity, solving social and environmental problems, and making peoples life happier and healthier. frame paragraph 1 James Coursework, who are the diary keeper of New York Time, claimed that long time working can diminish labor marginal production in both quantity and quality.In factory, longtime work will increase the chance of errors and dangerous equally, for people who are working in the office, longer work hour make them exhausted and they will have crowing performance on their Job. According to Alexandra Michel, a power Goldman Cash. Overworked people cannot doing their Job nicely and quickly, and if they are retention overwork, they will become even worse and slower.In addition, overworked people usually suffer from depression, aspir ation, and sickness, and their abilities of creativity and assessment are declined. I think those claims are accurately pointed the damage of overwork, as all we know each human has a biological limitation. If we exceed this boundary to work by consuming extra biological energy, the sledding will be much more than earn. That is the reason why some of my classmates who give up the time to sleep and study overnight before fetching exam do not receive highest circle in the class.Argumentative EssaySULA This see is a compare and line of the characters genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus Sula and Nel from the novel Sula by Toni Morrison. end-to-end the progression of the novel, Nel and Sula complement each early(a) in ways that allows them to form a maven functional unit friendship. The dependent temper amongst Sula and Nel began during their childishness years. Sula depended upon Nel for sturdiness and comfort, while Nel best-loved the unpredi ctable nature of her sula. They used the some others lifestyle to revivify for their shortcomings by placing themselves in the others surroundings.When Sula visited Nels home, Nel, who loved the authoritarian neatness with dread, matt-up homelike in it, with Sula. In the same way, Sula embed comfort within the walls of the Wrights home. They took puff in each others presence. apiece one found comfort in what the other finds bothersome. Sula dislikes her frowzled house, and wishes that she could live in the white house of Nels. Nel likes the drabness of Sulas house. As their kinship progressed, they began to act as an individual, or a dependent descent where associations are quiet cooperations between two enti confide different types of organisms.Dependent describes the friends kind, because they depended on each other for everything. Sula and Nels friendship, was as screaming(prenominal) as it was sudden. They found relief in each others personality, because they fin d their comfort in each others environment. When Sula accidentally killed the boy named white-livered small-minded by throwing him into a river, Nel stuck by Sula. They both took province for the accident, even though Sula was the only participant. At Chicken Littles funeral, Sula and Nel held men and knew that only the place would lie in the primer coat the bubbly jest would vex aboveground with them forever.Their relationship up to this point, is a coexistence of pleasure with each other. The dropsical Relationship of Sula and Nelis that they rely on one another for their well being. However, some measure those organisms become acquisitive and decide to take in the relationship, instead of communion with their symbiotic spouse. by dint of this action, it takes on leechlikeal characteristics. InToni Morrisons work,Sula, Sula repose and Nel Wright licence how a symbioticrelationship goes awry. When one abetter _or_ abettor betrays the other, by fetching instead of giving, the other partner suffers.Nel and Sulas relationship suffers because Sula unfortunately takes actions that lead to partaking in a parasitic relationship where she begins to decline away. Nel refuses the parasitic lifestyle and relationship, which causes Sula to wither away. In the center of her death, Sula in the long occur realizes that she needs the symbiotic relationship with Nel to survive. The interactions between Sula and Nel began symbiotically however, it develops into a parasitic one with the colony of Sula on Nel.Argumentative EssayEJ Barr Mrs. Rhonda Crombie face 1101 12-11-12 Why Cigarette sens Should Be banned The idea of cigarettes being banned has been an ongoing topic for the past thirty years. legion(predicate) people believe that sens cigarettes is a disgusting and dangerous vesture and that it should be made illegal, and I am one of those people. Smoking is dangerous to a persons health, people some them, and also to their pockets. Cigarette take in is very ugly and unhealthy to other people.Smokers create unpleasant smells to themselves and everything they own. Smoking also dulls and ages a smoking carriages appearance by creating ill-timed wrinkles, yellow teeth, bad breath, yellow fingernails, and the annoying supergrassrs cough. Also, there is concern immediately about passive smoking. Recent research has shown that non- smoking cars can suffer health problems if they spend long periods of time among people who do smoke. Cigarette smoking is, obviously, a dangerous habit that can kill you.Smoking creates many abusive diseases such as lung cancer, emphysema, heart cancer, and many more deadly diseases. The 2,000 known poisons in cigarettes, such as tar, carbon, and rat poison, are the contributors to the many diseases a smoker attains. Also, cigarette smoking is extremely addictive. Nicotine, the chemical in cigarettes that make them so addictive, is a colorless, scentless oily substance that occurs naturall y in nature. It is proved that nicotine damages your brain right after the archetypical time a person smokes because of the receptors in it.Not only does it damage the brain, it can potentially damage a persons whole life. A person can face cancer, a deathly disease just becuase they are addicted to a cigarette, which is such a underdone concept to me. While being harmful to themselves, smokers run a risk of harming others more or less them while they smoke. south come about smoke victims are just as vunerable to many of these diseases as the smoker themselves. The United States environmental Protection Agency has found that tobacco smoke contains 7,000 chemical compounds.More than 250 of those are known to be harmful, and of those, at least 69 of those are known to cause cancer. (2) There is also evidence that second hand smoke may be linked to puerility leukemia, and cancer of the larynx, pharynx, brain, bladder, rectum, and stomach. Second hand smoking is neither fair nor h ealthy for any of the parties involved. If smokers have the prime(prenominal) to late kill themselves, then the people around them that are affected should have a choice whether or not they breathe in someone elses smoke.Cigarette smoking is also very expensive to the smoker and their family. A pack of twenty-five cigarettes averages around four dollars. (1) If a smoker smokes a pack per day he or she will spend around 1,500 dollars per year, and roughly 15,000 dollars every ten years. With that kind of notes, a smoker could almost have enough to acquire themselves a new car Also, a smoker is more likely to catch colds, the flu, and other respiratory infections. That means more trips to the doctor and more money spent.In conclusion, cigarette smoking helps no one, does not add to our society in any positive way, and it slowly kills people. Cigarettes also cause discomfort for people who have to be around it, and it can be harmful to the health of those who are not even smoking at all. Because of all these reasons, I believe that smoking cigarettes should be made illegal. Everything about this past time is harmful and has no use. Cigarettes should be put down by everyone in our nation, and better lifestyles and past times should be picked up.Argumentative EssayOur Generation Has do Overly Dependent On Technology With the induction of engine room, Im beginning to wonder if its a good or bad idea to be so dependent on technology. battalion are on their cell phones, ipads, tablets or computers constantly. People are so obsessed with their phones that they even schoolbook someone in the same room. Do people need to be entertained every hour of the day? For some, technology is very addictive. They have to run out and purchase the latest gadget as soon as it comes out.I hardly see anyone read a book these days they listen to strait books or read books online. Before technology, people genuinely wrote each other and met in person. Now they public lecture via Skype, Facetime or text messages. We have become a society handicapped by technology. Like so many people, I dont know very many peoples numbers racket by heart anymore because we rely on our contact list on our cell phones. original forbid we lose our cells we would be lost. There is no escape from technology, unless one lives under a rock.We see to it our phones for missed calls and messages consistently. We check emails, twitter and facebook to make sure we havent missed the latest perspective updates. By the middle of the day, we have already been exposed to multiple forms of technology. The sixties generation where I come from just cant help but wonder, have we at peace(p) too far? I dont mean, have we by gone too far with the development of technology. Its very beneficial to advance technologically as a nation. Even I realize that.But I think weve gone too far in allowing our children to depend on computers and other devices to do their work and research for them. Ma ny children and young adults depend on the net to figure out answers on their homework or just daily questions about life. The internet is a great source for information, but taking the easy driveway too often can result in bad habits. People dont go to the library to do research anymore, they simply use Google. Many people cant even do basic math without a calculator.We have already become too dependent ontechnology. Also, with social media sites such as Facebook or Twitter,cyberbullying has become a reoccurring issue that is becoming much harder to end. We shouldnt let kids get too accustomed to utilize technology to solve their problems. It takes away their creativity. One can pretty much find anything on the lucre these days. Even parents will go on the Internet to search recipes or new ways in decorating a house or many other things.Some parents are even relying heavily on video and video-games to entertain their children so they dont have to. I call this the lazy parent way of parenting. If we have a major black-out or world crisis, it will be interesting to see how people survive without technology. No one will be able to do anything for themselves because they have been relying on technology for so long. I hope everyone considers how much time technology has consumed their life, and take at least 10% of that time and spend it on someone or something important that can benefit them and others.Argumentative EssaySULA This essay is a compare and contrast of the characters Sula and Nel from the novel Sula by Toni Morrison. Throughout the progression of the novel, Nel and Sula complement each other in ways that allows them to form a single functional unit friendship. The symbiotic nature between Sula and Nel began during their childhood years. Sula depended upon Nel for sturdiness and comfort, while Nel preferred the unpredictable nature of her sula. They used the others lifestyle to compensate for their shortcomings by placing themselves in the othe rs surroundings.When Sula visited Nels home, Nel, who loved the oppressive neatness with dread, felt comfortable in it, with Sula. In the same way, Sula found comfort within the walls of the Wrights home. They took solace in each others presence. Each one found comfort in what the other finds bothersome. Sula dislikes her disheveled house, and wishes that she could live in the clean house of Nels. Nel likes the homeliness of Sulas house. As their relationship progressed, they began to act as an individual, or a symbiotic relationship where associations are peaceful cooperations between two entirely different types of organisms.Dependent describes the friends relationship, because they depended on each other for everything. Sula and Nels friendship, was as intense as it was sudden. They found relief in each others personality, because they find their comfort in each others environment. When Sula accidentally killed the boy named Chicken Little by throwing him into a river, Nel stuck by Sula. They both took responsibility for the accident, even though Sula was the only participant. At Chicken Littles funeral, Sula and Nel held hands and knew that only the coffin would lie in the earth the bubbly laughter would stay aboveground with them forever.Their relationship up to this point, is a coexistence of happiness with each other. The Unhealthy Relationship of Sula and Nelis that they rely on one another for their well being. However, sometimes those organisms become greedy and decide to take in the relationship, instead of sharing with their symbiotic partner. Through this action, it takes on parasitic characteristics. InToni Morrisons work,Sula, Sula Peace and Nel Wright demonstrate how a symbioticrelationship goes awry. When one partner betrays the other, by taking instead of giving, the other partner suffers.Nel and Sulas relationship suffers because Sula unfortunately takes actions that lead to partaking in a parasitic relationship where she begins to wither aw ay. Nel refuses the parasitic lifestyle and relationship, which causes Sula to wither away. In the midst of her death, Sula finally realizes that she needs the symbiotic relationship with Nel to survive. The interactions between Sula and Nel began symbiotically however, it develops into a parasitic one with the dependence of Sula on Nel.Argumentative EssaySULA This essay is a compare and contrast of the characters Sula and Nel from the novel Sula by Toni Morrison. Throughout the progression of the novel, Nel and Sula complement each other in ways that allows them to form a single functional unit friendship. The symbiotic nature between Sula and Nel began during their childhood years. Sula depended upon Nel for sturdiness and comfort, while Nel preferred the unpredictable nature of her sula. They used the others lifestyle to compensate for their shortcomings by placing themselves in the others surroundings.When Sula visited Nels home, Nel, who loved the oppressive neatness with drea d, felt comfortable in it, with Sula. In the same way, Sula found comfort within the walls of the Wrights home. They took solace in each others presence. Each one found comfort in what the other finds bothersome. Sula dislikes her disheveled house, and wishes that she could live in the clean house of Nels. Nel likes the homeliness of Sulas house. As their relationship progressed, they began to act as an individual, or a symbiotic relationship where associations are peaceful cooperations between two entirely different types of organisms.Dependent describes the friends relationship, because they depended on each other for everything. Sula and Nels friendship, was as intense as it was sudden. They found relief in each others personality, because they find their comfort in each others environment. When Sula accidentally killed the boy named Chicken Little by throwing him into a river, Nel stuck by Sula. They both took responsibility for the accident, even though Sula was the only partic ipant. At Chicken Littles funeral, Sula and Nel held hands and knew that only the coffin would lie in the earth the bubbly laughter would stay aboveground with them forever.Their relationship up to this point, is a coexistence of happiness with each other. The Unhealthy Relationship of Sula and Nelis that they rely on one another for their well being. However, sometimes those organisms become greedy and decide to take in the relationship, instead of sharing with their symbiotic partner. Through this action, it takes on parasitic characteristics. InToni Morrisons work,Sula, Sula Peace and Nel Wright demonstrate how a symbioticrelationship goes awry. When one partner betrays the other, by taking instead of giving, the other partner suffers.Nel and Sulas relationship suffers because Sula unfortunately takes actions that lead to partaking in a parasitic relationship where she begins to wither away. Nel refuses the parasitic lifestyle and relationship, which causes Sula to wither away. I n the midst of her death, Sula finally realizes that she needs the symbiotic relationship with Nel to survive. The interactions between Sula and Nel began symbiotically however, it develops into a parasitic one with the dependence of Sula on Nel.